The vast grasslands of Kanha National Park, stretching over an area of 2,000 sq km, are surrounded by the Satpura Mountains, which stand at heights ranging from 450 and 900 m. comprising the Banjar and Halon valleys of the erstwhile princely provinces of Central India, Kanha became a hunting ground for the British between 1879 and 1910. In 1933, it was established as a sanctuary and was eventually declared a National Park in 1955. The park has a rare species of barasingha (swamp deer), which lives in a hard-ground habitat. It is believed that the name Kanha came from the texture of the soil found in the area. The soil is sandy in Banjar Valley in Kanha, Kisli and Mukki ranges. In the lower pockets, it is finely textured and somewhat clayey. It is locally called kanhar, thus the name.
The State animal of Madhya Pradesh – Hard Ground Barasingha is found exclusively in Kanha Tiger Reserve. Through holistic conservation approach and effective management practices, the Tiger Reserve has seen rise in population of this symbolic deer species which was once on the verge of extinction from the Earth.
The lush green forests of Kanha, composed majorly of Sal (Shorea Robusta) and other mixed forest trees, supports the growth of rich and varied flora and fauna.
Kanha best known for its evergreen Sal forests, is home to about 300 species of Birds, 43 species of Mammals, 26 species of Reptiles and more than 500 species of Insects.
General information
Core: 917.44 Sq Km
Buffer: 1134.361 Sq Km
Total: 2051.791 Sq Km